兩段鮮為人知的史實

兩段鮮為人知的史實
2010年02月08日

以下兩則客觀可信的歷史資料，可望戳破當前港府和建制人士聲張「功能組別可能符合普選」的偽善與矛盾。

職業代表制妨礙進步
已故的北京大學法學教授龔祥瑞，早在上世紀八十年代初期，出版《比較憲法與行政法》一書，並由當時他的學生、現任國務院副總理李克強等人負責審閱校訂，成為目前國內研究相關領域的經典著作，其中有一節探討「職業代表制」（ functional representation）──性質上包括目前香港功能組別制度──總結出三大批評意見，相當發人深省。

龔教授直指職業代表制（功能組別制度）「實際上的確沒有興盛起來，也興盛不起來」。「失敗的原因，一是社會上的職業團體為數眾多，大小不一，對各自的重要性不易有正確的衡量，因而各團體代表的人數也就難以確立，職業代表制的實現就顯得非常困難，甚至不可能。二是職業團體各有本行業的利益，如果以此為議會構成的單位，勢必引起議會內部的分裂和衝突，或者促成議會中若干團體互相勾結，以壓迫、排擠其他團體演變成寡頭獨裁政體，其結果只能是阻礙社會的發展。三是依照英國人華拉斯（ Graham Wallas）的觀察，職業團體常常是一些富於保守性的團體，例如英國的律師公會、醫師總會、軍官、文官、教師等的職業團體，一個個幾乎都是獨立王國，……不免會妨礙社會的進步。」龔教授字字珠璣，切中要害，更有學生李克強審閱全書，為何本地一眾建制政客完全坐視不理，延續深層矛盾，繼續樂此不疲？

建制人士可能說：我們管他甚麼國內學者，他說的一律不算數！好，就請你們睜大眼睛，看清楚一九九八年香港特區政府就《公民權利和政治權利國際公約》提交給聯合國的報告書，究竟當年港府公開地說了些甚麼話。

功能界別是過渡安排
該報告書第Ⅱ部第五段寫道：香港第一屆立法會已在九八年選舉產生，「這屆立法會其中的二十名（即三分之一）議員通過普選產生」。不多不少，只有二十席，不是五十席，不是六十席。換言之，功能組別和選委會的其餘四十席，全部都不是通過普選產生！這是不容抵賴的邏輯上必然結論。目前政府的政改方案，絲毫沒有動搖或廢除這些妨礙民主進程的非普選議席，根本不可能就邁向民主普選有任何寸進，真是「欺騙市民向前走，反智步伐不停留」。無論功能組別如何改頭換面，只要不存在普及而平等的候選與被選資格，都絕不是普選。

正因如此，該報告第四六一（ｂ）段才會信誓旦旦地說出以下一段話：「功能界別制度只是一個過渡安排。一如《基本法》第六十八條訂明，香港政制發展的最終目標，是要全部立法會議員皆由普選產生。」這句話絕不能與上述第五段那句話割裂看待，其理至明。如今建制人士公然撕破了當年港府對聯合國的報告內容，公然侮辱全香港七百萬市民的基本語文閱讀和邏輯分析能力。史實真相，絕不含糊，真假對錯，昭然若揭。

桑普
文化評論人

毓民辭職演說@香港人網 2010.01.28

HK lawmakers quit for democracy

Five pro-democracy legislators in Hong Kong have resigned their seats in a bid to pressure Beijing for full democracy.

The group says the resulting by-election will serve as a referendum on universal suffrage in the territory.

Democrats want full direct elections by 2012 - several years ahead of the timetable set by China's government.

Currently, only half of Hong Kong's legislators are directly elected; the rest are chosen by special interest groups, most of whom are pro-Beijing.

De-facto referendum?

The five lawmakers handed their resignation letters to members of Hong Kong's Legislative Council on Tuesday morning.

Alan Leong and Tanya Chan from the Civic Party, and Leung Kwok-hung, Albert Chan and Raymond Wong from the League of Social Democrats, said their actions would force by-elections that were a "de facto referendum" on democracy.

"My resignation is in keeping with my campaign promise. I want to fight for direct elections," the Associated Press quoted Mr Leong as saying.

But some pro-Beijing lawmakers have already said they will boycott the by-elections, making it harder for the polls to be seen as a legitimate vote on the importance of democracy.

Analysts say the resignation plan highlights the deep divide in Hong Kong politics.

Under British rule for more than 150 years, the territory was returned to China in 1997 under a special agreement that promised to retain Western-style practices.

The Basic Law, Hong Kong's mini-constitution, stipulates that the legislative council should eventually be elected by universal suffrage - but this will only happen by 2020 at the earliest.

While some people in Hong Kong are keen for complete democracy as soon as possible, many believe that other factors are more important.

Recent opinion polls show tepid public support for actions by pro-democracy groups.
Story from BBC NEWS:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/asia-pacific/8480260.stm

Published: 2010/01/26 10:29:15 GMT

© BBC MMX

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